Indicative contents

• Introduction to Embedded System, characteristics, Design challenges, optimising design metrics, Embedded System Architecture, Processor Architectures (Idea of Harvard, Von Neumann, Super Harvard), Processor Classification (RISC, CISC, Superscalar, VLIW), Type of Memories.
  
• Processor technology, IC technology, Design technology, Design Productivity gap, mythical man-month, Embedded Software Development, Memory layout of a program, Creating executable code for embedded systems, Boot Sequences, Case study of an embedded system design
  
• Introduction to PIC microcontroller, Architecture of PIC 18 Series, Intoduction to nanowatt technology, pin diagram details, block diagram explanation
  
• Reset circuitry, Memory Organization, oscillator circuit, different special function register, Return address stack, Instruction flow and pipelining concepts, Flash memory, Table Read and Table Write operations, hardware multiplier, Instruction set
  
• Interrupts, IO ports, Different SFR’S for ports, Timers, Timer operation, Timer control registers
  
• Interrupts, IO ports, Different SFR’S for ports, Timers, Timer operation, Timer control registers
  
• PCB Design Suite: OrCAD/CADSTAR tool. Components Libraries and Library tools. Generate netlist for PCB package. Import netlist into PCB package, Design Semantics. Schematic Capture: PCB Layout, Designs reuse, Hierarchical invariants, PCB Design Constraints. Track Thickness. Copper Pour. Placement and Routing: Methodologies for placement of components and devices Digital and Analog designs. Area analysis, Test point analysis, High-speed routing, fast circuit rules. Differential pair routing. 3D PCB.
• Embedded OS, Characteristics of RTOS, MicroC OS – II RTOS, Multitasking, scheduling strategies, Task state diagram, creating task, deleting task, suspending and resuming task, delaying task.
• Synchronization, Semaphores, Operations: create, post, pend, accept, query, delete, Waiting for multiple events, Event flags, conjunctive and disjunctive synchronization, operations on event flags, Mutual exclusion problem, race conditions, Mutexes, Operations on mutexes. Inter-task communication, Mailbox, Operations: create, wait, send and receive a message, delete, Message queue, Operations: create, wait, send and receive a message, delete, flush. Porting issues.
• Make file creation, debugger, emulators, object file format descriptions (ELF, COEFF)

Recommended reading

• Books
  1. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, 2/e
  2. David E. Simon, An Embedded Software Primer, Pearson Education, 1999
  3. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System Design Journals
  4. Labrosse, Jean J, MicroC OS – II, The Real Time Kernel, CMP books, 2002
  5. Peatman, John B, Design with PIC Microcontroller, Pearson, New Delhi, 2002
• Journals & Magazines

1. IEEE transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.
2. IEEE transactions on Consumer Electronics

• Internet Sites

1. www.embedded.com
2. www.microchip.com
3. www.micrium.com

• Laboratory

1. Hardware: Embedded System Design Laboratory
2. Software: Mikro C, MPLAB, MicroC – OS II
3. Software Manual: Nil