Indicative contents

• Elements of fluid mechanics. Fluid properties. Biofluidmechanics.
• Properties of air, water and blood. Constitutive behaviour of hemoglobin, cytoplasm and blood. Apparent viscosity of blood. Brownian motion.
• Conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The Navier-Stokes equations.
• Nondimensional equations. Reynolds, Stokes and Womersley numbers.
• The heart. Fluid mechanics of the heart and the valves.
• Flow through the arteries. Pulsatile flow through an elastic tube. Pulse propagation. Small disturbance theory.
• Wave reflection. Characteristic and input impedance. Reflection due to vessel branching and taper.
• Laminar and turbulent flows. Flow separation.
• Flow through curved tube. Entrance flow. Stenoses. Aneurisms. Vessel branches. Fluid dynamics of the vasculature in physiological and pathological conditions.
•  Venous flow. Flow through a collapsible tube. Flow limitation. Flow flutter. Characterisation of flow through major veins.
• Microcirculation. Capillary beds. RBC. Limitation of single phase flow. Motion of RBC. Bolus flow.
• Computational fluid dynamics to solve practical problems of arterial flow.

Recommended reading

• Books
  1. Y.C. Fung. Biomechanics: Circulation. Springer, 1997.
     
  2. D.J. Patel & R.N. Vaishnav. Basic Hemodynamics and its Role in Disease Processes. University Park Press, 1980.
     
  3. G. Pedrizzetti & K. Perktold. Cardiovascular Fluid Mechanics. Springer Wien New York, 2003.
     
  4. Y.C. Fung. Biomechanics: Motion, Flow, Stress, and Growth. Springer, 1990.
  5. Y.C. Fung. Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissue. Springer, 1993.
• Journals

1. J. of Biomechanics.
2. American J. of Physiology.
3. Arteriosclerosis.
4. ASME J. of Biomechanical Engg.
   1. Circulation Research.
   2. Annual Review of Physiology.
   3. Biorheology.
   4. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. (For general Fluid Mechanics   interest.)

   5. Physics of Fluids. (For general Fluid Mechanics interest.)
   6. Experiments in Fluids. (For general Fluid Mechanics interest.)

• Laboratory:
  Hardware: PC
  Software: MATLAB, CFD Software, Fluent,
  Software Manuals: MATLAB User Manual, Fluent Manual